Resources
And References
Learn more about the historical and present-day inequities in the U.S. education system, as well as some of the people, ideas and practices behind liberatory education, by reviewing a few of these resources and references that influenced the development of this forecast.
Going Deeper on the Issues:
Historical and Present-Day Inequities in Education
Bowers, P., Smith, G., Adcox, S. Hawes, J. B., Moore, T. Minimally Adequate. The Post and Courier (2018, November). Retrieved from data.postandcourier.com/saga/minimally-adequate/page/1.
Educational Oppression Timeline: History at a Glance. (n.d.). The Equity Collaborative. Retrieved from theequitycollaborative.com/resources/educational-oppression-timeline.
Featherstone, L. (2020, September). Paulo Freire’s Pedagogy of the Oppressed at Fifty. Retrieved from daily.jstor.org/paulo-freires-pedagogy-of-the-oppressed-at-fifty.
Rooks, N. (2017, September). Cutting School: The Segrenomics of American Education.
Seider, S. and Graves, D. (2020). Schooling for Critical Consciousness: Engaging Black and Latinx Youth in Analyzing, Navigating and Challenging Racial Injustice.
Whiteness. (n.d.). National Museum of African American History and Culture. Retrieved from: nmaahc.si.edu/learn/talking-about-race/topics/whiteness.
Exploring Liberatory Education:
Books, Websites and Groups
Abolitionist Teaching Network – Organization that uses abolitionist theories and practices to support and develop educational liberation. abolitionistteachingnetwork.org.
bell hooks – Thought leader on the intersectionality of race and systems of oppression in education. berea.edu/appalachian-center/appalachian-center-home/faculty-and-staff/bell-hooks.
Black Lives Matter at School – A compilation of lessons from successful challenges to institutional racism by the Black Lives Matter at School movement authored by Jesse Hagopian Denisha Jones (2020, December). blacklivesmatteratschool.com/publications.html.
Dr. Bettina Love – Award-winning author of We Want to Do More Than Survive: Abolitionist Teaching and the Pursuit of Educational Freedom (2019, February) and the Athletic Association Endowed Professor at the University of Georgia. bettinalove.com/about.
Dr. Gholdy Muhammand – Education consultant, professor at Georgia State University and author of Cultivating Genius: An Equity Framework for Culturally and Historically Responsive Literacy. hillpedagogies.com.
Education Liberation Network – National grassroots network pioneered by people of color that focuses on liberatory education through the values of love and community. edliberation.org.
Emancipatory R+D by equity X innovation – A liberatory model for developing educational technology that advances students’, educators’ and communities’ intellectual, social, emotional and political empowerment. Authored by Dr. Temple Lovelace. equityxinnovation.com/emancipatory-r-d-is-here.
equityXdesign A Practice for Transformation – A guide that introduces a way of combining racial equity work in schools, organizations and relationships with design thinking. Authored by Caroline Hill, Michelle Molitor and Christine Ortiz. static1.squarespace.com/static/5e84f10a4ce9cb4742f5e0d5/t/5ec3fe2bbcfabb28349ba9af/1589902892717/equityXdesign+11.14.16.pdf.
Othering and Belonging Institute: Targeted Universalism – Academic research group developing a policy and governance framework that supports liberatory education practices. belonging.berkeley.edu/targeted-universalism.
Rapheal Randall – Executive Director of Youth United for Change. youthunitedforchange.org/4156.
Zaretta Hammond – Former teacher who became an equity freedom fighter and authored Culturally Responsive Teaching and The Brain (2014, December). crtandthebrain.com/about.
Works Cited
Aizer, A., Eli, S., Ferrie, J., and Lleras-Muney, A. (2016). The Long-Run Impact of Cash Transfers to Poor Families. The American Economic Review, 935-971.
Alhanati, J. (2020, July 5). Who You Know, Not What You Know Might Matter More. Retrieved from Investopedia: https://www.investopedia.com/articles/pf/12/who-we-know.asp
Baker, D. (2021, September 3). More People Are Turning Down Low-Paying Jobs With Bad Working Conditions. Retrieved from Truthout: https://truthout.org/articles/more-people-are-turning-down-low-paying-jobs-with-bad-working-conditions/
Berkowitz, R. (2020, September 3). A Game Designer’s Analysis Of QAnon. Retrieved from Curiouser Institute: https://medium.com/curiouserinstitute/a-game-designers-analysis-of-qanon-580972548be5
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. (2021, May 12). Postsecondary Value Commission Report Proposes Action to Address Disparities in Economic Returns to College with Regard to Race, Income and Gender. Retrieved from Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation: https://www.gatesfoundation.org/ideas/media-center/press-releases/2021/05/postsecondary-value-commission-findings
Brown, S. (2021, June 16). The case for new social media business models. Retrieved from MIT Sloan School of Management: https://mitsloan.mit.edu/ideas-made-to-matter/case-new-social-media-business-models
Brunner, D., Dougherty, D., and Ross, D. (2019, September 20). The promise of career and technical education. Retrieved from Brookings: https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2019/09/20/the-promise-of-career-and-technical-education/
Collins, M. (2021). Ensuring a More Equitable Future: Addressing Skills Gaps Through Multiple, Nuanced Solutions. Postsecondary Value Commission.
Deardorff, J. (2021, January 4). Abolitionist Teaching: A Conversation with Bettina L. Love. Retrieved from Northwestern University School of Education and Social Policy: https://www.sesp.northwestern.edu/news-center/news/2021/01/abolitionist-teaching-a-conversation-with-bettina-l-love.html
Digital Promise Global. (2016, September). The Growing Diversity in Today’s Classroom. Retrieved from Digital Promise: https://digitalpromise.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/lps-growing_diversity_FINAL-1.pdf
The Economist. (2021, August 19). Why more Americans are self-identifying as multiracial. Retrieved from The Economist: https://www.economist.com/united-states/2021/08/19/why-more-americans-are-self-identifying-as-multiracial
Edsall, T. B. (2021, June 23). Is Education No Longer the ‘Great Equalizer’? Retrieved from The New York Times: https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/23/opinion/education-poverty-intervention.html
Feathers, T. (2021, March 2). Major Universities Are Using Race as a “High Impact Predictor” of Student Success. Retrieved from The Markup: https://themarkup.org/news/2021/03/02/major-universities-are-using-race-as-a-high-impact-predictor-of-student-success
Francis, D. V., and Darity Jr., W. A. (2021, February 7). Separate and Unequal Under One Roof: How the Legacy of Racialized Tracking Perpetuates Within-School Segregation. RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences, 187-202. Retrieved from https://www.rsfjournal.org/content/7/1/187
Frey, W. H. (2019, June 24). Less than half of US children under 15 are white, census shows. Retrieved from Brookings: https://www.brookings.edu/research/less-than-half-of-us-children-under-15-are-white-census-shows/
Fuller, J. B., Raman, M., Sage-Gavin, E., and Hines, K. (2021, September 3). Hidden Workers: Untapped Talent. Retrieved from Harvard Business School: https://www.hbs.edu/managing-the-future-of-work/Documents/research/hiddenworkers09032021.pdf
García, E. (2020, February 12). Schools are still segregated, and black children are paying a price. Retrieved from Economic Policy Institute: https://www.epi.org/publication/schools-are-still-segregated-and-black-children-are-paying-a-price/
Hammond, Z. (2021). Integrating the Science of Learning and Culturally Responsive Practice. Retrieved from The American Federation of Teachers: https://www.aft.org/ae/summer2021/hammond?
Harmon, G. E. (2021, August 20). We must reverse drop in U.S. life expectancy that preceded pandemic. Retrieved from American Medical Association: https://www.ama-assn.org/about/leadership/we-must-reverse-drop-us-life-expectancy-preceded-pandemic
Hatzipanagos, R. (2021, August 31). ‘I’m from here.’ How a more diverse population will change America. Retrieved from The Washington Post: https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/08/31/im-here-how-more-diverse-population-will-change-america/
hooks, b. (1999). All About Love: New Visions. William Morrow.
Jeffrey, A., and Sargrad, S. (2019, December). Strengthening Democracy With a Modern Civics Education. Retrieved from Center for American Progress: https://cdn.americanprogress.org/content/uploads/2019/12/13123249/CivicsEducation-report.pdf
Johnson Hess, A. (2020, June 12). How student debt became a $1.6 trillion crisis. Retrieved from CNBC: https://www.cnbc.com/2020/06/12/how-student-debt-became-a-1point6-trillion-crisis.html
Karas Montez, J., and Farina, M. P. (2021). Do Liberal US State Policies Maximize Life Expectancy? The Public Policy and Aging Report, 7-13.
Kim, M. (2018, April 13). The link between children’s academic achievement and family income. Retrieved from Blog on Learning and Development: https://bold.expert/the-link-between-childrens-academic-achievement-and-family-income/
Knowledge for policy. (n.d.). Diversification of education and learning. Retrieved from Knowledge4Policy: https://knowledge4policy.ec.europa.eu/diversification-education-learning_en
Local Initiatives Support Corporation. (n.d.). Opportunity Atlas shows the effect of childhood zip codes on adult success. Retrieved from Local Initiatives Support Corporation: https://www.lisc.org/our-resources/resource/opportunity-atlas-shows-effect-childhood-zip-codes-adult-success/
Lombardo, C. (2019, February 26). Why White School Districts Have So Much More Money. Retrieved from NPR: https://www.npr.org/2019/02/26/696794821/why-white-school-districts-have-so-much-more-money
Lopez, M. H., Gonzalez-Barrera, A., and López, G. (2017, December 20). Hispanic Identity Fades Across Generations as Immigrant Connections Fall Away. Retrieved from Pew Research Center: https://www.pewresearch.org/hispanic/2017/12/20/hispanic-identity-fades-across-generations-as-immigrant-connections-fall-away/
Marimón, S. (2019, March 28). ZIP Codes Shouldn’t Determine Academic Success. Retrieved from The Connecticut Business and Industry Association: https://www.cbia.com/news/workforce-development/zip-codes-academic-success/
Matthews, D. (2013, September 2). The Tuition is Too Damn High, Part VI — Why there’s no reason for big universities to rein in spending. Retrieved from The Washington Post: https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2013/09/02/the-tuition-is-too-damn-high-part-vi-why-theres-no-reason-for-big-universities-to-rein-in-spending/
Mitchell, M., Leachman, M., and Saenz, M. (2019, October 24). State Higher Education Funding Cuts Have Pushed Costs to Students, Worsened Inequality. Retrieved from Center on Budget and Policy Priorities: https://www.cbpp.org/research/state-budget-and-tax/state-higher-education-funding-cuts-have-pushed-costs-to-students
Mueller, E. (2021, February 5). The pandemic is replacing people with tech — threatening the jobs rebound. Retrieved from Politico: https://www.politico.com/news/2021/02/05/biden-automation-american-labor-force-466397
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2021, March 2). Death Rates Rising Among Middle-Aged and Younger Americans; Report Recommends Urgent National Response. Retrieved from https://www.nationalacademies.org/news/2021/03/death-rates-rising-among-middle-aged-and-younger-americans-report-recommends-urgent-national-response
Quillen, A. (2021, July 15). With Millions of Job Openings, Why Are College Grads Still Struggling to Find Work? Retrieved from NBCDFW: https://www.nbcdfw.com/news/local/with-millions-of-job-openings-why-are-college-grads-still-struggling-to-find-work/2681757/
Randall, R. (2018, March 20). Liberatory Education: Cultivating Human Development. Retrieved from Grassroots Thinking: https://grassrootsthinking.com/2018/03/20/liberatory-education-cultivating-human-development/
Rosenbaum, E. (2021, March 22). How low-wage work could get even worse in a post-pandemic future. Retrieved from CNBC: https://www.cnbc.com/2021/03/22/how-low-wage-work-could-get-even-worse-in-post-pandemic-future.html
Scott, D. (2021, July 8). Why food and housing assistance is essential for improving America’s health. Retrieved from Vox: https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/22567034/us-health-care-trends-social-determinants-of-health
Seger, E. (2021, February 9). The greatest security threat of the post-truth age. Retrieved from BBC: https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20210209-the-greatest-security-threat-of-the-post-truth-age
Simama, J. (2020, October 9). The Underappreciated Value of America’s Community Colleges. Retrieved from Governing: https://www.governing.com/next/the-underappreciated-value-of-americas-community-colleges.html
Soto, R. (2021, October 11). A New Approach to Postsecondary Credentials. Retrieved from Texas 2036: https://texas2036.org/posts/a-new-approach-to-postsecondary-credentials/
St. George, D., Strauss, V., Meckler, L., Heim, J., and Natanson, H. (2021, March 15). How the pandemic is reshaping education. Retrieved from The Washington Post: https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2021/03/15/pandemic-school-year-changes/
Woodie, B. (2021, April 29). Report: As U.S. Black Population Grows, Self-Identity Diversifies. Retrieved from Route Fifty: https://www.route-fifty.com/tech-data/2021/04/report-us-black-population-grows-self-identity-diversifies/173717/
Zaidi, L. (2019, January 2). The Only Three Trends That Matter. Retrieved from Predict: https://medium.com/predict/the-only-three-trends-that-matter-ee705e8ff9ce
